Organisational Culture, Transformation and the use of Role Models

I was reading "The Psychology of Change Management" in the McKinsey Quarterly and found some interesting thoughts about the psychology of change management! Of the four conditions cited, the use of role models seemed particularly apt.

People must also see colleagues they admire modelling it and need to have the skills to do what is required of them.

Not only is this a nice play in the direction of Social Network Analysis, but the identification and management of such role models can have a major bearing on people's own responses in such situations. The article continues;

Say that a well-respected senior leader is waxing lyrical about making the culture less bureaucratic and even conforming to the new regime by making fewer requests for information. If the sales reps in the company canteen spend every lunchtime complaining that "we’ve heard this a thousand times before and nothing happened," individuals will feel less pressure to change their behavior. Change must be meaningful to key groups at each level of the organization.

The ability to systematically influence and manage the sales rep(s) via role models and mentors in the above example is key. However, whilst lots of efforts are placed on overt forms of influence, the use of a covert approach via 4G or Social Network Analysis, has, in our experience, served as a great complement to more typical 'top down' approaches including internal communications, facilitation, various incentives and the simple use of power.

N.B. I haven't seen too much written about role models per se (a public role) but have found much more about mentoring (a private role). That said, Lisa Haneberg writes about the impact of relationships and Matt Blumberg talks about positive and negative role models.

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Merger Integration

I am often left with an unanswered question when I come across the idea that;

As two organizations come together, it is vitally important to make sure that everyone knows the ground rules, and that the new organization takes the time and effort to address the people issues.

The above is taken from Diane Pfadenhauer who cited a piece by Leo Flanagan re-emphasising the need to ensure that organisational integration is done properly. While of course there is little doubting such a position, my own unanswered question is how? How is integration done properly? I tend to believe that the truly diverse approaches offered by different firms and consultants is a hotch-potch of other aspects of general consultancy practice - of course, some of it works and some of it doesn't but why are we always up against the point made by Ronald Gruia that;

Given the dismal success rate of mergers, it is only natural that savvy VC gurus such as Fred Wilson and Ed Sim agree that when one of their company's competitors is acquired, they stand up and cheer. The reasons? Cultural clashes, leadership that is looking to cash in the chips and re-invest the money in a new venture, exodus of the best employees and customer base erosion. I have experienced this at Nortel (culture clash: Periphonics, all others combined in one: Clarify).

We've been exploring these ideas, potential opportunities (and more!) with Allan Engelhardt and hope to have an answer in the not too distant future 🙂

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Social Network Analysis Recommendation

A hat tip to Allan Engelhardt who writes;

If you are at all interested in enterprise social software, then the article A Practical Guide to Social Networks from the March 2005 issue of the Harvard Business Review is required reading. No excuses accepted. The lead author is Rob Cross, whose book The Hidden Power of Social Networks we have previously reviewed and recommended.

Our own take on some of Rob's work was in our Energisers post. Bruce Hoppe and Patti Anklam have also made mention of Rob's work.

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Working With Pay Pals – Relationships versus Rewards?

I read a quick review of "Working With Pay Pals" on the HBS Working Knowledge site. While the message isn't exactly earth shattering, the value people place on their relationships in comparison to their pay was refreshing.

"The things that the workers care about go beyond their own pay," (the author Imran) Rasul is quoted as saying. "The workers also care about the pay of other people."

This story in Chicago GSB's publication Capital Ideas looks at research conducted with fruit pickers and how they were incentivised to be more productive. An interesting subplot arose from studying how the production of workers increased or decreased when they were paired with friends. Under the piece rate plan, there was no loss in productivity among friends working side by side, but productivity decreased by an average of 21 percent when friends worked together in a relative incentive program. Why? In a relative program, one worker's gain is another worker's loss.

If nothing else, focussing competition externally rather than internally, certainly amongst close colleagues and teams, is the key. We've also got some ideas on how to do this via our own approach to team building.

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You can predict relationship potential

Yes, I believe that you can predict relationships and relationship potential! While I would say that, given that it is a major part of what we do at Four Groups, I was interested to read an interview between Stowe Boyd and Esther Dyson on the excellent Visible Path. The following extract is from Esther Dyson;

What I am trying to say is that human relations are much more subtle. Tools are very useful. If a relationship has a potential of 100, you can move it from 50 to 100 by using tools and having memory agents sending mail. But if the relationship has a potential of 50, it doesn’t matter how much mail you send, you can’t get it above 50. If you can get to 100% in some number of potential relationships, that’s a huge win. You just don’t want to believe you can’t get what isn’t achievable.

From my perspective, the interesting question(s) evolve around how people's behaviour would change or improve if you they could reliably predict the potential of their relationships prior to any interaction. In other words, what if you knew that the potential of a particular relationship at its outset was say 50%, 88% or 35%? Not only does this sorts of analysis lie at the core of 4G and is used to create some of the diagrams on our site, but I also wonder what forms social software and social networking would take if this sort of predictive information was available from the outset?

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Confident Networking for Career Success and Satisfaction

I took a call recently from Stuart Lindenfield who was kind enough to let me know about the imminent publication of his first book, "Confident Networking for Career Success and Satisfaction" (hopefully these Google and Amazon links will be up once the book is published). I know the publication date is in the second half of the year, but it's always good to hear of new work in the area of networking and careers development.

I think the publication is particularly timely given the recent launch of Linkedin's job postings idea! Jason at Recruiting.com and Charlene Li at Forrester have been writing about this and I think Stuart's work will be a welcome addition to this ever growing area. Congratulations 🙂

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Organisational Culture and the Organisational Shadow

For those of a Jungian persuasion, I couldn't help think of the idea of an organisational shadow (see Jungian Shadow), partly prompted by some of the recent things I have been writing on here but also from a post by Jennifer Rice and a link to another post on the Fouroboros blog.

You can't change organizations. You can only reveal them to themselves. And they like what they see. Or not.

If they follow the "or not" path, you can offer suggestions as to the alternatives that fit for them, and for what they believe. If they haven't evolved to the point of knowing what they believe, you start there and the rest reveals itself.

It is really that simple. The rest consists of removing spackle and years of self-deception.

If you're interested in these ideas and fancy a deeper read, have a look at "Dilemmas of Organizational Change: A Systems Psychodynamic Perspective" by James Krantz

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A Value Added Attitude?

Regina Miller wrote a great piece on the 'Value Added Attitude' of HR and the fact that this is a subject that Regina "could blog on for hours on this topic, but will stop here. I will come back to this again and again." Anyway, the three tips follow;

Tip 1: Now this is not new stuff…this is the baseline and if you are not operating from this perspective and strategic framework, you are way behind.

Tip 2: If you don’t see one of HR’s main responsibilities in the business as the facilitators of strategy alignment, strategy deployment and strategy execution, then you are in the wrong job.

Tip 3: So, if you are feeling like your HR group doesn’t have the right “attitude”, then you need to ask yourself what has to be done to get it? Make sure you are working on the right things so the organization has the capabilities to execute on the strategy. Make sure you deliver what you say you will. Make sure all that you do is connected, integrated and relevant to the business.

I guess we'll both be writing for some time to come... 🙂

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Nemawashi and Organisational Culture

On Tuesday, I had the pleasure of meeting Tim Watmuff and sharing a chat over coffee (Tim's looking to move to the South West in a senior HR role, so if anyone can help, please get in touch). We spoke about a variety of different things but the key theme was that of culture, change and working internationally.

The one thing that struck me during the conversation was the contrast in cultural and commercial outlook and how a company's values have such a bearing on performance. Tim's had a fair amount of experience with Japanese firms and he introduced me to the ideal of Nemawashi. The definition below is from Michael Phillips.

The process of making changes in Japan, a truly cooperative-self examining culture, is called nemawashi. The word refers to a tree transplanting. The tree is dug to the roots, wrapped and left in place. It is then taken out of the hole and left in place near the hole. A week or more later it is moved to the new site and placed next to the hole, where it waits again until it is put in the hole.

I think this bottom-up or covert approach offers a superb complement to the often relied upon top-down or overt styles of leadership that are practiced and preached so frequently on these shores. Perhaps there is an ideal balance between them both?

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Taskforce members ignore own advice on people data – Part 2

Following on from the previous post, my curiosity was roused by Paul Kearns' comments in the same article. He states;

HCM has to show a direct causal connection between effective HR strategy and bottom-line business performance, but because HR is failing miserably to take up this challenge, when push comes to shove - such as the advent of OFRs - no-one will give it house room.

If we take Paul at his word, I wonder if there are any good examples, case studies or HCM champions that people would recognise or have been 'outed'?! Quoting directly again from the article;

Randal Tajer, a senior HR executive at financial services firm UBS, said most reporting on staff-related issues does not really inform investors and reflects badly on HR. "There's lots of 'data' out there, but no 'information'," he said. "HR wants the respect of a discipline, but not the discipline of a discipline."

These comments remind me of the apparent paradox that we featured recently in the post "The Strategic Perceptions of HR". The fact remains that HCM would appear to be caught between a rock and a hard place when it comes to adding value and being seen as strategic rather than operational. Alternatively, perhaps HR needs to improve on its ability to sell itself internally?

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